21 So they asked him, “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach rightly, and show no partiality, but truly teach the way of God. 22 Is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?” 23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said to them, 24 “Show me a denarius. Whose likeness and inscription does it have?” They said, “Caesar’s.” 25 He said to them, “Then render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” 26 And they were not able in the presence of the people to catch him in what he said, but marveling at his answer they became silent.
27 There came to him some Sadducees, those who deny that there is a resurrection, 28 and they asked him a question, saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife but no children, the man must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. 29 Now there were seven brothers. The first took a wife, and died without children. 30 And the second 31 and the third took her, and likewise all seven left no children and died. 32 Afterward the woman also died. 33 In the resurrection, therefore, whose wife will the woman be? For the seven had her as wife.”
34 And Jesus said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage, 35 but those who are considered worthy to attain to that age and to the resurrection from the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage, 36 for they cannot die anymore, because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection. 37 But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed, in the passage about the bush, where he calls the Lord the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob. 38 Now he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for all live to him.” 39 Then some of the scribes answered, “Teacher, you have spoken well.” 40 For they no longer dared to ask him any question.
41 But he said to them, “How can they say that the Christ is David’s son? 42 For David himself says in the Book of Psalms,
“‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at my right hand,
43 until I make your enemies your footstool.”’
44 David thus calls him Lord, so how is he his son?”
(ESV)
STOP! Think a little 🤔 What is God saying to you?
- What is the writer saying?
- How do I apply this to my life?
The Jewish leaders began working on ways to trap Jesus. First, they flatter Him about being impartial and then set him up with a political question, “is it lawful for us to give tribute to Caesar, or not?” They were hoping Jesus would endorse the Roman taxes which would inflame the people who were oppressed by excessive taxation. Or, if Jesus’ response was anti-government, they would be able to turn him over to the authority of the governor. But Jesus discerned their craftiness and called for a coin. He used the coin to provide an answer that affirmed both submission to government, “give to Caesar what is Caesar’s”, and correct submission to God, “give to God what is God’s.” What is God’s? In whose image are you created? Jesus’ answer silenced His opponents.
Then the Sadducees posed a religious question. The Sadducees only believed in the first five books of the Bible and did not believe in the resurrection. They asked a question regarding Levirate marriage (Deut 25:5-10) with a hypothetical situation where a man dies without children so his brother marries his wife to bear children for him according to the law. That brother dies childless as well and so the next brother marries the woman and that continues until all seven brothers have died childless. The woman has been married to all seven and she dies. They challenge the resurrection as illogical because who’s wife would the woman be in heaven. Jesus contrasts this age with the age to come. After we die we will be like angels in the sense that resurrected believers will not die. Jesus then points out that Moses affirmed the resurrection when he wrote about his burning bush experience. There God referred to Himself as the God of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob (Ex 3:6). The Lord’s reference was in the present tense which requires the resurrection, therefore He is God of the living, not of the dead. Jesus did concede to their point by saying that there will not be marriage in eternity, the woman in the story would be married to none of the brothers. Again Jesus’ answer silenced His opponents.
Then Jesus turned to them and asked His own question which would highlight His qualification as the Messiah as both God and man. It was well understood that the Messiah would be a descendant of David. Jesus quoted Psalm 110:1 and asked how the Messiah, who David references in the psalm, could be both his Lord and a descendent of his.
The Pharisees and Sadducees show that it is sadly possible to read the Bible and yet still not believe all that it says. Is there something the Bible teaches that you don’t believe or don’t want to believe? Take a moment to consider why. Is it because of culture or how you were brought up? Perhaps it’s because it doesn’t fit with how you think God should be? Would you prayerfully investigate it more carefully?
Major Stories of the Bible Reading Plan
Hope Through God’s Mercy: Lamentations 3